GOST 3778-98: Lead. Technical Requirements
This standard establishes requirements for the quality and packaging of C0, C1C, C1, C2C, C2, C3, and C3C lead.
Lead is a malleable, relatively low-melting metal with a silvery-white color and a bluish tint.
Scope of application:
* Protection against ionizing radiation;
* Electrical engineering (manufacturing of cables, batteries, and chemical power sources);
* Transportation industry;
* Military industry (use in the production of firearms due to its high density of 11.34 g/cm³);
* Medicine (diagnostics and X-ray therapy).
Deliveries are made in the following forms::
* Bars weighing from 30 to 40 kg;
* Blocks weighing 1, 2, and 3 tons with a permissible deviation of ±10%;
* Ingots.
Surface quality requirements:
The surface of the bars, blocks, and ingots must be free of powdery oxides and foreign inclusions (slag, brick, etc.). побежалости, белый налет, и усадочные раковины допускаются.
Labeling and packaging:
Each bag of blocks must be labeled with the number of blocks in the bag, the bag number, and the net weight.
* Number of rows in the package: from 5 to 7.
* Number of blocks in a row: 5.
* Number of blocks in the package: from 25 to 35.
Packages of flat blocks and interlocking blocks must be tied with a steel packing tape that is stretched and secured with clamping machines.
|
Brand name Order |
Chemical composition |
||||||||||
|
Lead, not less than |
Mass fraction of impurities, max |
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|
Silver |
Copper |
Zinc |
Bismuth |
Arsenic |
Tin |
Antimony |
Iron |
Magnesium, calcium, and sodium in total |
Total |
||
|
C0 |
99,992 |
3×10-4 |
5×10-4 |
0,001 |
0,004 |
5×10-4 |
5×10-4 |
5×10-4 |
0,001 |
0,002 |
0,008 |
|
C1C |
99,99 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,005 |
0,0005 |
0,0005 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,01 |
|
C1 |
99,985 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,006 |
0,0005 |
0,0005 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,002 |
0,015 |
|
C2C |
99,97 |
0,002 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,02 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,003 |
0,03 |
|
C2 |
99,95 |
0,002 |
0,001 |
0,001 |
0,03 |
0,002 |
0,002 |
0,005 |
0,002 |
0,010 |
0,05 |
|
C3 |
99,90 |
0,002 |
0,002 |
0,001 |
0,06 |
0,003 |
0,002 |
0,005 |
0,005 |
0,020 |
0,10 |
|
C3C |
99,50 |
0,01 |
0,09 |
0,07 |
0,15 |
0,05 |
0,10 |
0,20 |
0,01 |
- |
0,50 |
|
Notes 1 In C0 grade lead intended for the production of red lead, the mass fraction of chromium impurity shall not exceed 0.0001%. The mass fraction of chromium in C0 grade lead is guaranteed by the manufacturer. 2 Lead grades C1C, C2C, and C3C are manufactured upon customer request. |
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Properties of lead
• Soft light gray metal
• High chemical resistance
• Low thermal conductivity
Application of lead
• Cable sheaths
• Batteries and equipment components
• Balances for thick sheets
• Seals in pumps and pipes
• Anodes for electrolytic processes
Lead alloys
• White low-melting alloys (babbits)
• Printing alloys (lead, tin, antimony)
• Metal soldering alloys (lead, tin)
Price and production
• The price depends on the LME quotes
• Production according to GOST 3778-98
• The initial product is lead in bars
Characteristics of ingots
• Ingots with a flat base
• Brands: C0, C1C, C1, C2C, C3, and others
• Weight: from 30 to 40 kg